History of African Cinema

http://www.ascleiden.nl/content/webdossiers/african-cinema

The Library, Documentation and Information Department of the ASC has compiled a web dossier on African cinema to coincide with the film festival Africa in the Picture, which was in 2003

http://www.experience-africa.de/index.php?en_annual-african-film-festival-2013_african-film-industry

General overview of the history of African cinema, highlighting regional film industries

http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/history-south-african-film-industry-timeline-1895-2003

A comprehensive timeline of South African cinema

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema_of_Africa

General overview of history of African cinema

Contemporary African Cinema

http://framing.indiana.edu/2017/03/08/african-cinema-a-growing-global-industry/

Overview of current trends of African film

http://www.buala.org/en/afroscreen/african-cinema-and-nollywood-contradictions

An overview of Africa’s place in global cinema, examining colonialism’s effect on film in Africa

https://speakingofart.wordpress.com/2007/04/20/contemporary-african-cinema-the-emergence-of-an-independent-cinema-in-nigeria/

Reviews of contemporary African cinema, with an introduction which gives context within the history of African film

http://newsreel.org/articles/context.htm

African film in the context of social consciousness, political activism, and colonialism

http://newsreel.org/articles/teno.htm

The decline of African cinema and the efforts to preserve and empower Africans to continue to tell their stories through film

http://newsreel.org/articles/pointers.htm

Tips on viewing African films

The Life and Times of Ousmane Sembene

https://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/sgadjigo/page1/page1.html

Brief biography of Sembene

http://hcl.harvard.edu/hfa/films/2007fall/sembene.html

Description of the films of Sembene

http://thephoenix.com/boston/movies/46616-rough-justice/?page=1#TOPCONTENT

In depth description of Sembene’s films

http://newsreel.org/articles/OusmaneSembene.htm

Biographical article on Sembene as a writer and film maker, and the importance of his work

http://www.villagevoice.com/film/senegals-son-6424110

Overview of Sembene’s films included in a Film Forum retrospective

http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/11/world/africa/11sembene.html

A homage to Sembene’s life and films

https://newleftreview.org/II/16/david-murphy-an-african-brecht

An aesthetic of discrepancy—epic sweep, domestic naturalism, social satire, expressionist set-piece—marks the complex cinema of Ousmane Sembene. Themes of contestation and corruption played out in pre- and post-Independence Senegal.

http://home.earthlink.net/~steevee/Daney_ceddo.html

On Sembene’s film, CEDDO

http://www.thereeler.com/the_blog/sembenes_rainbow.php

On Sembene’s film, Guelwaar

http://www.sen360.fr/actualite/ouakam-hommage-a-ousmane-sembene-un-homme-de-refus-ecrivain-et-cineaste-de-talent-390499.html

(French)

African Independence Movements and Decolonization

http://exhibitions.nypl.org/africanaage/essay-challenge-of-decolonization-africa.html

The challenge of decolonization in Africa - the Cold War, Neo-colonialism, Pan-Africanism and Socialism, etc.

https://www.britannica.com/place/Southern-Africa/Independence-and-decolonization-in-Southern-Africa

Independence and decolonization in Southern Africa

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jomo_Kenyatta

Jomo Kenyatta (c. 1891 – 22 August 1978) was a Kenyan politician who governed the Republic of Kenya as Prime Minister from 1963 to 1964 and then as President from 1964 to 1978. He was the first person to hold that latter post. He led the Kenya African National Union (KANU) party.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrice_Lumumba

Patrice Émery Lumumba (2 July 1925 – 17 January 1961) was a Congolese independence leader and the first democratically elected prime minister of Congo. Lumumba played an important role for his country to be granted independence from Belgium, as a founder and leader of the mainstream Mouvement National Congolais (MNC) party

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah

Kwame Nkrumah (18 or 21 September, 1909– 27 April 1972) led Ghana to independence from Britain in 1957 and served as its first prime minister and president. Nkrumah first gained power as leader of the colonial Gold Coast, and held it until he was deposed in 1966.

An influential 20th-century advocate of Pan-Africanism, he was a founding member of the Organization of African Unity and was the winner of the Lenin Peace Prize in 1962.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Nyerere

Julius Kambarage Nyerere (13 April 1922 – 14 October 1999) was a Tanzanian statesman who served as the leader of Tanzania, and previously Tanganyika, from 1960 until his retirement in 1985.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_S%C3%A9kou_Tour%C3%A9

Ahmed Sékou Touré (January 9, 1922 – March 26, 1984) was a Guinean political leader; head of the PDG, he was elected as the first President of Guinea, serving from 1958 until his death in 1984. Touré was among the primary Guinean nationalists involved in gaining independence of the country from France.